Adaptation of Pressing Concepts to Refining

The refining impulse is here defined as the product of the normal loading force by the time. The refining impulse can be used in a beater for understanding and controlling the refining effects on fibres. The SR-degree and WRV evolutions depend only on the proposed refining impulse. For the shortening evolution of fibres, the normal loading force has to be introduced as a supplementary variable. By analogy with the variables controlling the pressing operation, namely press impulse and maximal applied pressure, the refining impulse alone, or complemented with the normal applied force have been experimentally shown to control the kinetics effects of refining on the fibrous suspension.